Top 10 Cotton Producing States of India   1.GUJARAT 2.MAHARASHTRA 3.ANDRAPRADESH 4.PUNJAB 5.HARYANA 6.KARNATAKA 7.RAJASTAN 8.MADYAPRADESH 9.TAMILNADU 10.ORISSA

Chandrayaan-2

 Chandrayaan-2  is India's second lunar exploration mission.

 Developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO),

 the mission is proposed to be launched to the Moon in 2015 by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV), includes a lunar orbiter, a lander and a lunar rover, all developed by India. 

 Initially the mission was a joint venture of ISRO and its Russian counterpart Roskosmos, but the latter withdrew from the mission failing to provide a lander within the proposed time.

According to ISRO, this mission will use and test various new technologies and conduct new experiments^.

  The wheeled rover will move on the lunar surface and will pick up soil or rock samples for on-site chemical analysis. 

The data will be relayed to Earth through the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter^.

History

The Indian Government approved the mission in a meeting of the Union Cabinet held on 18 September 2008 chaired by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.
On November 12, 2007, representatives of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roskosmos) and ISRO signed an agreement for the two agencies to work together on the Chandrayaan-2 project.


ISRO will have the prime responsibility for the orbiter and rover, while Roskosmos will be responsible for the lander.
The design of the space craft was completed in August 2009, with scientists of both countries conducting a joint review.
The launch date might slip because the loss of the Fobos-Grunt mission which was a planned as a test for the Russian landing system.

Current status

Although ISRO has finalized the payload for Chandrayaan-2,the mission was postponed to 2014, and was expected to be further rescheduled to 2016 because of a delay in the construction of the Russian lander.


The delay came in wake of the failure of the Russian Phobos-Grunt mission to Mars, reason being technical aspects connected with the Phobos-Grunt mission were also used in the lunar projects, which need to be reviewed.
When Russia cited its inability to provide the lander even by 2015, India decided to develop the lunar mission independently.

 

Indian Awards

Bharat Ratna

‘Bharat Ratna’, the highest civilian Award of the country, was instituted in the year
1954.

1.First Awardee(s)-1954

1. Chakravarti Rajgopalachari 

 2. C. V. Raman

 

 3. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

 

 

Quick facts about India

·      National Aquatic animal : Ganga Dolphin

·      National bird: Peacock

·      National animal: Tiger

·      National game: hockey

·      National tree : Banyan

·      National fruit : Mango

Incredible and Amazing Fact About INDIA

1.     The worlds highest cricket ground is in chail, Himachal pradesh .

•  built in 1893. 

• After leveling a hilltop,this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.   

     2. India has the largest number of post office in the world. 

           3.The Indian Railways is the largest employer in the world. It employs above a million people.

     

     4.   The bailey bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the ladakh vally between the Dras and Suru rivers in Himalayan mountains. It was built by the indian army in August 1982.


     
    5.Until 1896,India was the only source of diamonds in the world.

Indus Valley Civilization

സിന്ധു നദീതട സംസ്കാരം (BC 3000 - BC 1500)

മോഹന്‍ ജദാരോ, ഹാരപ്പാ   എന്നീ സ്ഥലങ്ങള്‍ ഇപ്പോള്‍ എവിടെയാണ് ?

ഉത്തരം - പാകിസ്ഥാന്‍

ഏറ്റവും വലിയ സിന്ധു നദീതട സംസ്കാര കേന്ദ്രം

ഉത്തരം - ഹാരപ്പാ

സിന്ധു നദീതട സംസ്കാരത്തിന്‍റെ പ്രധാന പ്രത്യേകത എന്തായിരുന്നു ?

ഉത്തരം - ആസൂത്രിത നഗരങ്ങള്‍

മോഹന്‍ ജദാരോ ഇപ്പോള്‍ എവിടെയാണ് ?

ഉത്തരം- പാകിസ്താനിലെ സിന്ഥ്‌  പ്രവിശ്യയില്‍

Constitution

The Following questions are repeated by PSC more than10 times

Countries                           Parliament

USA                                            Congress

Sweden                                       Rikasdag 

Russia                                         Duma

Japan                                          Diet

Denmark                                     Folketing

Israel                                           Knesset

China                                           National Peoples congress

Iran                                              Majilis

Nepal                                          National Panjayat

Spain                                           Cortes

Motto of Indian Border Security Guard

Duty Unto Death

Motto of Indian Coast Guard

Vayam Rakshamah

Motto of Indian Airforce

Nabha Sparsam Diptam

(meaning:- Touch the Sky with Glory)

Motto of Indian navy

   Sham No Varunah

(meaning:-May the Lord of the Oceans be auspicious unto us)

Lords of India

1.Lord Canning(1856-1862)

Lord Canning

• Establishment of three universities at Calcutta,Madras and Bombay.
  
  • Last Governor general and First Viceroy of India
  •  Doctrine of lapse was withdrawn.
  • Indian Councils Act was passed in  1861.

Lord Mayo

2.Lord Mayo (1869-1872)

•  fourth Viceroy of India
• He organized the statistical survey of india
• Established the Rajkotcollege at Katiyarwar and mayo college at Ajmer.
• For the first time in Indian history ,a census was held in 1871
• Was the only viceroy  to be murded in office by a Pathan convict in the Andamans in 1872.

3. Lord Lytton(1876-1880)

Lord Lytton

• Known as the viceroy to reverse character.
• passed the infamous Vernacular press Act(1878)

 
4. Lord Lipon(1880-1884)

•  Father of Local self Government.
• passed the Libert Bill.

5.Lord Curzon(1899-1905) 

Lord Curzon

• Aurangaseb of British India
• Partitioned Bengal
• Established Archaeological survey of India.

Lord Minto

  

6.Lord Minto (1905-1910)

•  Lala lajpat Rai ,Ajith Singh,and Balgangadara Thilak were sent to Mandalay jail in Burma.

7. Lord Chelmsford(1916-1921)

Lord Chelmsford

•  The government of India Act in 1919(Montague Chelmsford reforms) was passed .
• Rowlett act of 1919;Jallianwala Bagh massacre(April 13 1919)
• A womens University was found at Punna in 1916.

8.Lord Irwin( 1926-1931)

•  Simmon Commision visited in India at 1928.
• Congress passed the Indian Resolution in 1929.
• Dandhi March(March 12 ,1930)
• First Round table Conference held in England 1930.



Lord Irwin

• Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March 5 ,1931) was signed.

9. Lord Linlithgow(1936-1944)

Lord Linlithgow

•  Crips mission in 1942.
• Quit India Movement(August 8 ,1942)

10.Lord Mountbatten(March 1947- August 1947)

• Last viceroy of British India.
•  First governor general of free India.
• Partition of India decided by June 3 plan .
• indian Independence Act passed .
• Retired in June 1948 was succeed by Rajagopalachari.

Note :Rajagopalachary -the first and last Indian Governor general of free India.